12th Century

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1 Events
2 Significant people
3 Artwork
4 Clothing
5 Material Culture
6 Some Groups that Cover This Period
7 Internal Links
8 External Links

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Events

Song dynasty loses power over Northern China
First, Second, and Third Crusades of western European kingdoms against Islam
Pope Adrian IV granted overlordship of Ireland to Henry II of England.
Suger rebuilds the abbey church at St Denis north of Paris, regarded as first Gothic building
Portugal declares independence from the kingdom of Leon and Castille in 1139

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Significant people

Peter Abelard, one of the first scholastic philosophers
Bernard of Clairvaux, French abbot influential in church politics
Henry II, first Angevin King of England
Hugh of St. Victor, French scholar
Richard of St. Victor, theologian
Alfonso I Henriques, first King of Portugal
Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor

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Artwork

European art: transitional period from Romanesque to Gothic.

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Clothing

T-tunic styles continue esentially unchanged from the 11th century (often a little tighter fitting across the chest), as clothing for the common man or woman, and the lord or lady when working, or less fashionable. Court styles see the introduction of the bliaut for both sexes, a tightly fitted garment, often cut with silly dangly long sleeves.
See: 12th century garb

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Material Culture

Objects (e.g. silk) and ideas are being brought back from the crusades to western Europe, resulting in a faster transition of ideas (e.g. 12th Century fashion) and sudden new fashionable objects.

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